Content Specification - SS.8.2.a.1:
Students will identify groups of people who moved into urban areas, and examine where they came from and the reasons for their migration into the cities. Students will explore the immigrant experience at Ellis Island.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.a.2:
Students will compare and contrast immigrant experiences in locations such as ethnic neighborhoods in cities, rural settlements in the Midwest, Chinese communities in the Far West, and Mexican communities in the Southwest.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.b.1:
Students will examine the population growth of New York City and other New York cities and the technologies and industries which encouraged this growth.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.b.2:
Students will examine the living conditions in urban areas with a focus on increasing population density and the impact this growth had on the social, cultural, and economic lives of people.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.c.1:
Students will examine nativism and anti-immigration policies including the Chinese Exclusion Act, the Gentlemen’s Agreement, and immigration legislation of the 1920s.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.c.2:
Students will explore the growth and impacts of child labor and sweatshops.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.c.3:
Students will explore the development of political machines, including Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.d.1:
Students will examine the goals and tactics of specific labor unions including the Knights of Labor, the American Federation of Labor, and the International Workers of the World.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.d.2:
Students will examine key labor events including the Haymarket affair, the Pullman Strike and the International Ladies Garment Workers’ Union strike.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.e.1:
Students will examine the Populist Party as a reform effort by farmers in response to industrialization.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.e.2:
Students will investigate reformers and muckrakers such as Jane Addams, Florence Kelley, W. E. B. du Bois, Marcus Garvey, Ida Tarbell, Eugene V. Debs, Jacob Riis, Booker T. Washington, and Upton Sinclair. Student investigations should include the key issues in the individual’s work and the actions that individual took or recommended to address those issues.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.e.3:
Students will explore leaders and activities of the temperance and woman’s suffrage movements.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.e.4:
Students will investigate the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire and the legislative response.

Content Specification - SS.8.2.e.5:
Students will examine state and federal government responses to reform efforts including the passage of the 17th amendment, child labor and minimum wage laws, antitrust legislation, and food and drug regulations.