Standard - 8.G.2:
Understand that a two-dimensional figure is congruent to another if the second can be obtained from the first by a sequence of rotations, reflections, and translations; given two congruent figures, describe a sequence that exhibits the congruence between them.

Standard - 8.G.3:
Describe the effect of dilations, translations, rotations, and reflections on two-dimensional figures using coordinates.

Standard - 8.G.4:
Understand that a two-dimensional figure is similar to another if the second can be obtained from the first by a sequence of rotations, reflections, translations, and dilations; given two similar two-dimensional figures, describe a sequence that exhibits the similarity between them.

Standard - 8.G.5:
Use informal arguments to establish facts about the angle sum and exterior angle of triangles, about the angles created when parallel lines are cut by a transversal, and the angle-angle criterion for similarity of triangles. For example, arrange three copies of the same triangle so that the sum of the three angles appears to form a line, and give an argument in terms of transversals why this is so.

Standard - 8.G.6:
Explain a proof of the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse.

Standard - 8.G.7:
Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to determine unknown side lengths in right triangles in real-world and mathematical problems in two and three dimensions.

Standard - 8.G.8:
Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to find the distance between two points in a coordinate system.

Standard - 8.G.9:
Know the formulas for the volumes of cones, cylinders, and spheres and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems.