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Standard Area - TECH: Learning Standards for Technology
(see MST standards under Previous Standard Versions)-
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Introduction - MST4.I.PS5.Introduction:
Examples of objects in motion can be seen all around us. These motions result from an interaction of energy and matter. This interaction creates forces (pushes and pulls) that produce predictable patterns of change. Common forces would include gravity, magnetism, and electricity. Friction is a force that should always be considered in a discussion of motion.
When the forces acting on an object are unbalanced, changes in that object's motion occur. The changes could include a change in speed or a change in direction. When the forces are balanced, the motion of that object will remain unchanged. Understanding the laws that govern motion allows us to predict these changes in motion.
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Major Understandings - MST4.I.PS5.2a:
Every object exerts gravitational force on every other object. Gravitational force depends on how much mass the objects have and on how far apart they are. Gravity is one of the forces acting on orbiting objects and projectiles. -
Major Understandings - MST4.I.PS5.2b:
Electric currents and magnets can exert a force on each other. -
Major Understandings - MST4.I.PS5.2c:
Machines transfer mechanical energy from one object to another. -
Major Understandings - MST4.I.PS5.2d:
Friction is a force that opposes motion. -
Major Understandings - MST4.I.PS5.2e:
A machine can be made more efficient by reducing friction. Some common ways of reducing friction include lubricating or waxing surfaces. -
Major Understandings - MST4.I.PS5.2f:
Machines can change the direction or amount of force, or the distance or speed of force required to do work. -
Major Understandings - MST4.I.PS5.2g:
Simple machines include a lever, a pulley, a wheel and axle, and an inclined plane. A complex machine uses a combination of interacting simple machines, e.g., a bicycle.
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