Browse Standards
View all PreK-12 NYS Learning Standards in a dropdown list format.
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Standard Area - TECH: Learning Standards for Technology
(see MST standards under Previous Standard Versions)-
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Component - L.4.1.a:
Use relative pronouns (who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why). -
Component - L.4.1.b:
Form and use the progressive (e.g., I was walking; I am walking; I will be walking) verb tenses. -
Component - L.4.1.c:
Use modal auxiliaries (e.g., can, may, must) to convey various conditions. -
Component - L.4.1.d:
Order adjectives within sentences according to conventional patterns (e.g., a small red bag rather than a red small bag). -
Component - L.4.1.e:
Form and use prepositional phrases. -
Component - L.4.1.f:
Produce complete sentences, recognizing and correcting inappropriate fragments and run-ons. -
Component - L.4.1.g:
Correctly use frequently confused words (e.g., to, too, two; there, their).
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Component - L.4.2.a:
Use correct capitalization. -
Component - L.4.2.b:
Use commas and quotation marks to mark direct speech and quotations from a text. -
Component - L.4.2.c:
Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence. -
Component - L.4.2.d:
Spell grade-appropriate words correctly, consulting references as needed.
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Component - L.4.3.a:
Choose words and phrases to convey ideas precisely. -
Component - L.4.3.b:
Choose punctuation for effect. -
Component - L.4.3.c:
Differentiate between contexts that call for formal English (e.g., presenting ideas) and situations where informal discourse is appropriate (e.g., small-group discussion).
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Component - L.4.4.a:
Use context (e.g., definitions, examples, or restatements in text) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase. -
Component - L.4.4.b:
Use common, grade-appropriate Greek and Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., telegraph, photograph, autograph). -
Component - L.4.4.c:
Consult reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation and determine or clarify the precise meaning of key words and phrases.
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Component - L.4.5.a:
Explain the meaning of simple similes and metaphors (e.g., as pretty as a picture) in context. -
Component - L.4.5.b:
Recognize and explain the meaning of common idioms, adages, and proverbs. -
Component - L.4.5.c:
Demonstrate understanding of words by relating them to their opposites (antonyms) and to words with similar but not identical meanings (synonyms).
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Standard - L.4.6:
Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, including those that signal precise actions, emotions, or states of being (e.g., quizzed, whined, stammered) and that are basic to a particular topic (e.g., wildlife, conservation, and endangered when discussing animal preservation).
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